fa بررسی بیان ژن‌های سیتوکین‌های پیش‌التهابی IL-6، IL-1β و TNF-α در بافت عصب سیاتیک موش‌های صحرایی هیپرگلیسمک پس از تجویز متفورمین و گالیک‌ اسید تخصصي Special پژوهشي Research <div style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="text-justify:inter-ideograph"><span style="line-height:92%"><span style="direction:rtl"><span style="unicode-bidi:embed"><span sans-serif="" style="font-family:Calibri,"><b><span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:92%"><span b="" lotus="" style="font-family:">مقدمه:</span></span></span></b> <span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:92%"><span b="" lotus="" style="font-family:">تحت شرایط هیپرگلیسمی، فرآیندهای التهابی با آسیب به اعصاب محیطی در بروز نوروپاتی دخیل هستند. این مطالعه با هدف بررسی مقایسه‌ای اثرات ضد التهابی متفورمین (داروی سنتزی) با گالیک </span></span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:92%"><span cambria="" style="font-family:">‌</span></span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:92%"><span b="" lotus="" style="font-family:">اسید (ترکیب طبیعی) در شرایط هیپرگلیسمی صورت گرفت.</span></span></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:92%"><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman","serif""></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span><br> <span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="text-justify:inter-ideograph"><span style="line-height:92%"><span style="direction:rtl"><span style="unicode-bidi:embed"><span sans-serif="" style="font-family:Calibri,"><b><span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:92%"><span b="" lotus="" style="font-family:">روش‌ها:</span></span></span></b> <span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:92%"><span b="" lotus="" style="font-family:">برای القای هیپرگلیسمی به موش‌های صحرایی، استرپتوزوتوسین (</span></span></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-size:10.0pt"><span style="line-height:92%"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">STZ</span></span></span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:92%"><span b="" lotus="" style="font-family:">)</span></span></span> <span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:92%"><span b="" lotus="" style="font-family:">با دوز </span></span></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-size:10.0pt"><span style="line-height:92%"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">mg/kg</span></span></span> <span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:92%"><span b="" lotus="" style="font-family:">60 به</span></span></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:92%"><span style="font-family:" timesnewromanpsmt="">‌</span></span></span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:92%"><span b="" lotus="" style="font-family:">صورت داخل </span></span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:92%"><span b="" lotus="" style="font-family:">صفاقی </span></span></span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:92%"><span b="" lotus="" style="font-family:">تزریق شد.</span></span></span> <span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:92%"><span b="" lotus="" style="font-family:">برای این تحقیق موش‌ها در چهار گروه قرار گرفتند. دو گروه موش‌های کنترل سالم و هیپرگلیسمی بودند که دارویی دریافت نکردند. دو گروه دیگر، موش‌های هیپرگلیسمی بودند که به‌ترتیب، متفورمین با دوز </span></span></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-size:10.0pt"><span style="line-height:92%"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">mg/kg/d</span></span></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:92%"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">ay</span></span></span><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:92%"><span b="" lotus="" style="font-family:"> 300 و </span></span></span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:92%"><span b="" lotus="" style="font-family:">گالیک اسید</span></span></span> <span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:92%"><span b="" lotus="" style="font-family:">با دوز </span></span></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-size:10.0pt"><span style="line-height:92%"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">mg/kg/day</span></span></span><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:92%"><span b="" lotus="" style="font-family:"> 40 دریافت نمودند. </span></span></span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:92%"><span b="" lotus="" style="font-family:">در پایان دورۀ 8 هفته‌ای، موش‌ها را در تمام گروه‌ها بیهوش کرده و نمونه‌ای از عصب سیاتیک برای سنجش میزان بیان ژن‌های مربوط به سیتوکین‌های پیش التهابی </span></span></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-size:10.0pt"><span style="line-height:92%"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">IL-6</span></span></span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:92%"><span b="" lotus="" style="font-family:">، </span></span></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-size:10.0pt"><span style="line-height:92%"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">IL-1&beta;</span></span></span> <span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:92%"><span b="" lotus="" style="font-family:">و </span></span></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-size:10.0pt"><span style="line-height:92%"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">TNF-&alpha;</span></span></span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:92%"><span b="" lotus="" style="font-family:">، گرفته شد</span></span></span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:92%"><span b="" lotus="" style="font-family:">. آنالیز داده</span></span></span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:92%"><span b="" lotus="" style="font-family:">‌</span></span></span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:92%"><span b="" lotus="" style="font-family:">ها توسط نرم‌افزار </span></span></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-size:10.0pt"><span style="line-height:92%"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">SPSS</span></span></span><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:92%"><span b="" lotus="" style="font-family:"> و مقایسۀ بین میانگین داده</span></span></span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:92%"><span b="" lotus="" style="font-family:">‌</span></span></span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:92%"><span b="" lotus="" style="font-family:">ها توسط آنالیز واریانس یک‌طرفه (</span></span></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:92%"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">one-way </span></span></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-size:10.0pt"><span style="line-height:92%"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">ANOVA</span></span></span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:92%"><span b="" lotus="" style="font-family:">)</span></span></span> <span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:92%"><span b="" lotus="" style="font-family:">و آزمون تعقیبی </span></span></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-size:10.0pt"><span style="line-height:92%"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">Tukey</span></span></span><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:92%"><span b="" lotus="" style="font-family:"> صورت گرفت.</span></span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:92%"><span style="font-family:"B Lotus""></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span><br> <span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="text-justify:inter-ideograph"><span style="line-height:92%"><span style="direction:rtl"><span style="unicode-bidi:embed"><span sans-serif="" style="font-family:Calibri,"><b><span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:92%"><span b="" lotus="" style="font-family:"><span style="letter-spacing:-.2pt">یافته‌ها:</span></span></span></span></b> <span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:92%"><span b="" lotus="" style="font-family:"><span style="letter-spacing:-.2pt">القای شرایط هیپرگلیسمی به موش‌های صحرایی باعث افزایش بیان ژن</span></span></span></span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:92%"><span b="" lotus="" style="font-family:"><span style="letter-spacing:-.2pt">‌</span></span></span></span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:92%"><span b="" lotus="" style="font-family:"><span style="letter-spacing:-.2pt">های مربوط به سیتوکین</span></span></span></span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:92%"><span b="" lotus="" style="font-family:"><span style="letter-spacing:-.2pt">‌</span></span></span></span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:92%"><span b="" lotus="" style="font-family:"><span style="letter-spacing:-.2pt">های پیش‌ التهابی </span></span></span></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-size:10.0pt"><span style="line-height:92%"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="letter-spacing:-.2pt">IL-6</span></span></span></span> <span lang="FA" style="font-size:10.0pt"><span style="line-height:92%"><span b="" lotus="" style="font-family:"><span style="letter-spacing:-.2pt">(</span></span></span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:92%"><span b="" lotus="" style="font-family:"><span style="letter-spacing:-.2pt">000/0 =</span></span></span></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-size:10.0pt"><span style="line-height:92%"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="letter-spacing:-.2pt">P</span></span></span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:10.0pt"><span style="line-height:92%"><span b="" lotus="" style="font-family:"><span style="letter-spacing:-.2pt">)</span></span></span></span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:14.0pt"><span style="line-height:92%"><span b="" lotus="" style="font-family:"><span style="letter-spacing:-.2pt">،</span></span></span></span> <span dir="LTR" style="font-size:10.0pt"><span style="line-height:92%"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">IL-</span></span></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-size:10.0pt"><span style="line-height:92%"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">1&beta;</span></span></span> <span lang="FA" style="font-size:10.0pt"><span style="line-height:92%"><span b="" lotus="" style="font-family:">(</span></span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:92%"><span b="" lotus="" style="font-family:">008/0 =</span></span></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-size:10.0pt"><span style="line-height:92%"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">P</span></span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:10.0pt"><span style="line-height:92%"><span b="" lotus="" style="font-family:">) </span></span></span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:14.0pt"><span style="line-height:92%"><span b="" lotus="" style="font-family:">و </span></span></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-size:10.0pt"><span style="line-height:92%"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">TNF-&alpha;</span></span></span> <span lang="FA" style="font-size:10.0pt"><span style="line-height:92%"><span b="" lotus="" style="font-family:">(</span></span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:92%"><span b="" lotus="" style="font-family:">005/0 =</span></span></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-size:10.0pt"><span style="line-height:92%"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">P</span></span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:10.0pt"><span style="line-height:92%"><span b="" lotus="" style="font-family:">) </span></span></span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:92%"><span b="" lotus="" style="font-family:">شد،</span></span></span> <span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:92%"><span b="" lotus="" style="font-family:">اما </span></span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:92%"><span b="" lotus="" style="font-family:">تجویز متفورمین و گالیک اسید به موش‌های صحرایی هیپرگلیسمی به</span></span></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:92%">‌</span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:92%"><span b="" lotus="" style="font-family:">مدت 8، میزان بیان ژن‌های </span></span></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-size:10.0pt"><span style="line-height:92%"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">IL-6</span></span></span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:92%"><span b="" lotus="" style="font-family:">، </span></span></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-size:10.0pt"><span style="line-height:92%"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">IL</span></span></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-size:10.0pt"><span style="line-height:92%"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">-1&beta;</span></span></span><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:92%"><span b="" lotus="" style="font-family:"> و </span></span></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-size:10.0pt"><span style="line-height:92%"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">TNF-&alpha;</span></span></span><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:92%"><span b="" lotus="" style="font-family:"> را کاهش داد</span></span></span> <span lang="FA" style="font-size:10.0pt"><span style="line-height:92%"><span b="" lotus="" style="font-family:">(</span></span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:92%"><span b="" lotus="" style="font-family:">05/0 </span></span></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-size:10.0pt"><span style="line-height:92%"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">P˂</span></span></span><span style="font-size:10.0pt"><span style="line-height:92%"><span b="" lotus="" style="font-family:"> )</span></span></span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:92%"><span b="" lotus="" style="font-family:">.</span></span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:92%"><span style="font-family:"B Lotus""></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span><br> <span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="text-justify:inter-ideograph"><span style="line-height:92%"><span style="direction:rtl"><span style="unicode-bidi:embed"><span sans-serif="" style="font-family:Calibri,"><b><span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:92%"><span b="" lotus="" style="font-family:">نتیجه‌گیری:</span></span></span></b> <span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:92%"><span b="" lotus="" style="font-family:">گالیک اسید همانند متفورمین، با ویژگی ضد التهابی خود، می</span></span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:92%"><span cambria="" style="font-family:">‌</span></span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:92%"><span b="" lotus="" style="font-family:">تواند برای بهبود عوارض ناشی از شرایط هیپرگلیسمی به‌ویژه التهاب عصبی مؤثر واقع شود و امید است در آینده برای بیماران دیابتی کاربرد بالینی داشته باشد.</span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></div> <span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="text-justify:inter-ideograph"><span style="line-height:92%"><span sans-serif="" style="font-family:Calibri,"><b><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">Background:</span></b><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""> Under hyperglycemic conditions, inflammatory processes with damage to the peripheral nerves are involved in the occurrence of neuropathy. This study aimed to compare the anti-inflammatory effects of metformin (synthetic drug) with gallic acid (natural compound) in hyperglycemic conditions.</span></span></span></span></span><br> <span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="text-justify:inter-ideograph"><span style="line-height:92%"><span sans-serif="" style="font-family:Calibri,"><b><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">Methods:</span></b> <span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">Hyperglycemia was induced in male rats by the intraperitoneal injection of Streptozotocin (STZ) at a dose of 60 mg/Kg. For this research, rats were divided into four groups. Two groups were healthy control and hyperglycemic control rats that did not receive any drugs. The other two groups were hyperglycemic rats, which respectively received Metformin at a dose of 300 mg/kg/day and gallic acid at a dose of 40 mg/kg/day. At the end of the 8-week period, the rats in all groups were anesthetized and a sample of their sciatic nerve was taken to measure the expression level of genes related to pro-inflammatory cytokines IL-6, IL-1&beta; and TNF-&alpha;. Data analysis was done by SPSS software and comparison between average data was done by one-way ANOVA and Tukey&#39;s post hoc test.</span></span></span></span></span><br> <span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="text-justify:inter-ideograph"><span style="line-height:92%"><span sans-serif="" style="font-family:Calibri,"><b><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">Results:</span></b> <span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">Induction of hyperglycemic conditions in rats increased the expression of genes related to pro-inflammatory cytokines IL-6 (p=0/000), IL-1&beta; (p=0/008) and TNF-&alpha; (p=0/005). However, administration of metformin and gallic acid to hyperglycemic rats for 8 weeks reduced the expression of IL-6, IL-1&beta; and TNF-&alpha; genes (p˂0.05).</span></span></span></span></span><br> <span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="text-justify:inter-ideograph"><span style="line-height:92%"><span sans-serif="" style="font-family:Calibri,"><b><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">Conclusion:</span></b> <span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">Gallic acid, like metformin, with its anti-inflammatory properties, can be effective in improving complications caused by hyperglycemic conditions, especially neuroinflammation, and it is hoped that it will be clinically useful for diabetic patients in the future.</span></span></span></span></span> ضد التهابی, گالیک اسید, هیپرگلیسمی, متفورمین, سیتوکین‌های پیش التهابی Anti-inflammatory, Gallic acid, Hyperglycemia, Metformin, Pro-inflammatory Cytokines 114 123 http://ijdld.tums.ac.ir/browse.php?a_code=A-10-2046-1&slc_lang=fa&sid=1 Fatemeh Nohtani فاطمه نهتانی 0000-0001-6859-7558 No Biology Department, Faculty of Sciences, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran گروه زیست شناسی، دانشکده علوم، دانشگاه فردوسی مشهد، مشهد، ایران Morteza Behnam Rasouli مرتضی بهنام رسولی behnam@um.ac.ir 0000-0002-4734-9886 Yes Biology Department, Faculty of Sciences, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran گروه زیست شناسی، دانشکده علوم، دانشگاه فردوسی مشهد، مشهد، ایران Sajad Sahab Negah سجاد سحاب نگاه 0000-0002-2242-9794 No Department of Neuroscience, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran گروه علوم اعصاب، دانشکده پزشکی، دانشگاه علوم پزشکی مشهد، مشهد، ایران Masumeh Kheirabadi معصومه خیرآبادی 0000-0002-2543-2366 No Biology Department, Faculty of Sciences, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran گروه زیست شناسی، دانشکده علوم، دانشگاه فردوسی مشهد، مشهد، ایران