Background: Adiponectin and omentin-1 are adipokines with insulin-sensitizing properties. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of resistance training on serum levels of adiponectin and omentin-1 in Streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats. Methods: Twenty four male Wister rats (12-14 weeks’ old) were randomly divided into three groups: non-diabetic control, diabetic control, and diabetic training. The rats in diabetic training group were subjected to a resistance training program (3 days/wk, for 4 wk) consisted of climbing a ladder carrying a load suspended from the tail. Following four weeks resistance training serum glucose, insulin, lipid profile, adiponectin, and omentin-1 concentrations were measured. Results: Serum levels of omentin-1 and adiponectin were significantly lower in diabetic control group compare with non-diabetic control group (P<0.001). After 4 weeks of resistance training serum adiponectin levels was significantly higher in diabetic trained group compared with diabetic control group (P= 0.028), but we did not find any significant difference in omentin-1 levels between two diabetic groups. Morever, we did not find any significant difference in serum lipid profile among all groups. Four weeks resistance training did not change serum glucose and insulin concentrations in diabetic rats. Conclusion: This study indicated that resistance training could increase serum adiponectin levels in diabetic rats without significant changes in lipid profile, glucose, insulin, and omentin-1 concentrations. It seems low intensity and short term duration of resistance training had important roles in failure of significant changes of omentin-1, glucose, and insulin concentrations.

Keywords: Resistance Training, Omentin-1, Adiponectin, Diabetes Mellitus

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